Khangchendzonga from Darjeeling

Most of the Hindu and Tibetan festivals follow the lunar calendar and so the date of the festival does not fall on the exact date the next year. Owing to the variety of the population of Darjeeling, some festival or the other is celebrated almost every month.

JANUARY

• New Year's eve is always a special day celebrations that go on the whole night.
• Nepalis celebrate Maghe Sankrati ( first day of Nepali month Magh ) by eating only Tarool, tuber of various edible species of Dioscorea, known collectively as yam.
• The end of January marks the end of the Tibetan Year. They have a festival to avert the negativity of the Old Year, and most of the Monasteries in the area will have cham (Tibetan Dance) during this time of the year.
• 26th January is India's Republic Day. This is a public holiday and different areas of Darjeeling celebrate this occasion with special programmes.

FEBRUARY

• Tibetan celebrate Losar ( Tibetan New Year ), this is the most important festival in the Tibetan calendar. They celebrate this for about a week with good food, new clothes and dances.
• In the Shri Panchami or Sarswati Puja, Hindus of Darjeeling worship the goddess of knowledge Sarswati and the next day they take the idol with singing and dancing to immerse in the nearest stream. This is an important day in the Nepali calendar as this day they make a new beginning like a new account, sowing of seeds, etc.

MARCH

• In the beginning of this month Hindus in Darjeeling ( specially people from the plains of India ) celebrate Holi by smearing each other with coloured powder.
• Ram Nawami ( Lord Ram's birthday ), a Hindu festival, is celebrated by Hindus of Darjeeling by taking out a procession of the holy chariot with Lord Ram's idol. This day the business class Hindus start their new account. This day is also Chaita Dasai (original dasai of Nepali Hindus) and the day is celebrated with prayer to Devi (Shakti) for the triumph of good over evil. This day Nepalis put coloured rice (brightly coloured rice mixed with curd ) tika (mark on the forehead) as blessings from the elders of the house.
• Tibetans celebrate Chotrul Duechen (Day of Offerings) during this month.

APRIL

• Buddha Jayanti, birth anniversary of Lord Buddha, is celebrated with procession from Buddhist monasteries with Lamas (Tibetan Monks) musical troupe followed by Lord Buddha's idol, and the procession usually carries the Buddhist holy books around town.
• Sansari Puja, is a Nepali Hindu ceremony for the good of the world. This day they worship Devi (Mai) (Goddess). They believe that if this Goddess is angry then you get diseases like measles, small pox, etc.
• Good Friday and Easter Sunday celebrated in different Churches in town.
• Muslims celebrate Muharram during the first month of the Islamic year remembering Hasan's battle against Yezid with street procession depicting mock battles.

MAY

• At the beginning of May Tibetans celebrate Saga Dawa and other Buddhists celebrate Buddha Shakyamuni's Enlightenment and Parinirvana. At the age of thirty-five Buddha attained enlightenment at Bodhgaya. This day also marks the anniversary of his Parinirvana.

JUNE

• Ashar ko Pandra (15th day of Nepali month Asar) is a special day for Nepalis to eat curd and chewra (beaten rice). They say that goddess Parbati had given Lord Shiva curd and chewra on this day, so if you take the same this day, you get salvation.

JULY

• On 6th July Tibetans celebrate the birthday of His Holiness Dalai Lama.
• During the first week of July Tibetans celebrate Dzam Ling Chi Sang - Local Deities' Day.
• At the end of July Tibetans celebrate Chokhor Duchen - for seven weeks after Buddha's enlightenment, he did not teach. Finally, encouraged by Lord Indra and Lord Brahma, he turned the Wheel of Dharma for the first time, at Saranath, by teaching the 'Four Noble Truths'.
• Sawane Sankrati, is the first day of the Nepali month Sawan. This day they offer prayer to the youngest Devi (Goddess). They believe that if this Devi is angry with someone then he geta scabies. This evening Nepalis in villages shout loudly "go away scabies".

AUGUST

• On 8th August Lepchas celebrate Tendong Lho Rumfaat, the prayer of Tendong mountain. Lepchas believe that they are the descendents of the people who survived the 40 days and 40 nights of rain by going to the top of this mountain.
• The full moon of the Nepali month of Bhadau is Newar's (a Nepali caste) Kwati Purne. This day they eat a special gruel/broth made of sprouted legumes.
• Guru Purne (Fullmoon of the Gurus) is a special day for Nepali shamanism.
• On the same fullmoon day is Hindu's Raksha Bandhan (Thread of Protection) this day is celebrated by Nepali hindus as Raksha Bandhan and the priests come to a house and bind a thread on the right hand as a mark of Protection that the Gods will give for another year. Hindus from the plains celebrate this day as Rakhi, the day sisters bind colourful thread on their brother's right hand as a mark of protection.
• 15th August is India's Independence Day and a public holiday. This day is celebrated with different functions all over the town. Main celebrations are held at the Public Ground in Lebong, with students march-past and drills followed by football (soccer) Final match.
• In the middle of August is Naag (Snake) Panchami (5th day of the month) which is celebrated by the Nepali Hindu. Priests go from door to door with special prayer and paste the picture of snakes protecting Lord Bishnu, as protection of Naag for that house.

SEPTEMBER

• Nepali Hindu's Kushe Aaushi is in the beginning of September. Hindus believe Lord Vishnu is in the Saligram (stone), Tulsi plant, Pipal tree and Kush grass. This day priest comes home and gives Kush in every house as this Kush is needed to signify the presence of Lord Vishnu in all Pujas (special prayers) done throughout the year.
• During early September is Teez, for Nepali Hindus, when the married women go back to their parent's house and celebrate. Its specially prevalent with Chettri and Brahmin castes of Nepalis. One can see women in bright red fariya (Nepali dress like Indian Sari) singing and dancing.
• In the middle of September is Biswakarma Puja, a special day for Hindus, when they worship Lord Biswakarma, the god of machines and tools. This day all Hindus worship their tools of trade like their car, machines, computers, etc. This day most Hindus clean the machines and do not run the machine for a day.

OCTOBER

• 2nd October is Gandhi Jayanti (birth anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi, father of the nation), a public holiday.
• In October Hindus specially Nepali Hindus, have their greatest festival called Dashain. It's a continuous celebration for fifteen days. This festival starts from Jamare Aunshi (Newmoon, the day barley is sown in temples for dasain. The shrada (remembrance of the dead ancestors) ceremony is also performed during this period. From the next day starts Durga Puja, Nepalis also call this Shakti (Power) puja, when the goddess Durga (triumph of good over evil) is worshipped for nine days to worship the nine different forms she comes in. Nepalis celebrate this by worshipping weapons like their traditional Khukuri, etc. On the seventh day is Phul Pati (Flowers and petals) when flowers of different kinds are taken round the town in procession and later taken to Goddess Durga in the temple. The eighth day is Maar (the day of sacrifice), this day is celebrated with the ceremonial sacrifice of a buffalo at Dali ground. The tenth day is Tika day. On this day people go to their elders to get the blessings and the holy food (Prasad) of Shakti puja. This continues till the fullmoon day.
• At the end of October Tibetans celebrate Lhabab Duechen, Lord Buddha's descent from Heaven.

NOVEMBER

• The next important festival of Nepali Hindus is Tihar. The festival begins with Kag (Crow) Tihar when Crows are given good food as they are considered as the messanger of the Lord of Death, Yama. The next day is Kukur (Dog) Tihar. This day the dog is given good food as it is considered the guardian of Yama. The next day is Laxmi (Goddess of wealth) puja or Gai (Cow, symbolises Laxmi) Tihar when the Goddess of Wealth and Cow are worshipped along with money and jewellry. On this day it is customary to gamble. In the evening young girls go from house to house singing Bhaileni (special songs of Tihar) and they are offered money and food. Nepalis celebrate this day with lights and firecrackers in the evening. The next day is Govardhan puja, when the bull is worshipped. On this day boys go from house to house singing deosee (singing special hymns to spread the message of Dasain), they are offered money and food. This day is specially important for Newars (a caste of Nepali) when they have Mah (self) puja. This day they worship self with special ceremony and a good feast. The next day is Bhai Tika, when brothers go to their sister's house. There the sisters put a special tika on the forehead and garland them with a garland made of thread and marigold wishing them long life. Sisters offer them special food and brothers give them money and gifts. This is a day of merry making for the Nepalis.
• At the beginning of November the Tibetans celebrate Lha Bab Duchen - Buddha Shakyamuni's Descent from Heaven.

DECEMBER

• At the beginning of December Lepchas celebrate Nambun.
• On 10th December Tibetans celebrate the anniversary of His Holiness Dalai Lama being bestowed with the Nobel Peace Prize.
• At the end of December Tibetans celebrate Ngenpa Gu Dzom - Nine bad omens occuring together.
• 25th December, Christmas, is a special day for Christians and also a special day for all in Darjeeling. Partying and merrymaking last for a few days.